Introduction: A Coastal Community Along the Indian River Lagoon
Sebastian, Florida, located on the Treasure Coast in Indian River County, is today recognized as a scenic riverfront city with rich natural resources and a long history of human habitation. Nestled along the Indian River Lagoon and near the Atlantic Ocean, Sebastian’s history spans from early Indigenous settlement, European exploration, and frontier life to modern urban development and environmental stewardship.
The city’s evolution reflects broader historical trends in Florida, including colonial influence, agricultural development, tourism, and conservation. Understanding Sebastian requires exploring the intertwining of human activity and coastal ecology over centuries.
Indigenous Peoples and Pre-Colonial Habitation
Prior to European contact, the Sebastian area was inhabited by Indigenous groups, including the Ais and the Jaega peoples. These communities relied on the abundant resources of the Indian River Lagoon, the Atlantic coastline, and the surrounding wetlands.
Archaeological findings, including shell middens, pottery fragments, and stone tools, reveal a society skilled in fishing, shellfish gathering, and small-scale horticulture. The Ais and Jaega developed intricate trade networks and ceremonial practices, demonstrating sophisticated social and cultural organization. Seasonal migration and adaptation to environmental changes were key strategies for survival. shutdown123